Day: November 28, 2025
kozak and putin
kozak and putin – Google Search google.com/search?q=kozak+an…
Dmitry Kozak was a long-time and close aide to Vladimir Putin, working with him since their time in the St. Petersburg mayor’s office in the 1990s. Kozak held several high-level positions in the Russian government under Putin but recently resigned from his role as deputy chief of staff of the presidential administration after reportedly opposing the 2022 invasion of Ukraine. [1, 2, 3, 4]
Relationship and careerShared history: Both men are lawyers by training and worked together in the 1990s in the city administration of St. Petersburg under Mayor Anatoly Sobchak.
Trust and positions: Putin brought Kozak to Moscow in the early 2000s and entrusted him with top government roles, including as a deputy prime minister for nearly 12 years.
Professional and personal connection: Some observers note their relationship extended beyond purely professional duties, although they were not considered close friends. [1, 4]Alleged opposition to the Ukraine invasion
Reported disagreement: According to reports, Kozak privately expressed that he believed the invasion of Ukraine was a mistake.
Unsuccessful negotiations: Some sources suggest he tried to negotiate a truce, and that Putin rejected a deal that Kozak had struck with Ukraine.
Western contacts: Kozak reportedly acted as a conduit for discussions with Western officials and asked for arguments to potentially persuade Putin to change course, as detailed in The New York Times. [2, 5, 6, 7]Recent events
Resignation: Kozak resigned from his post as deputy chief of staff of the presidential administration in September 2025.
Possible reasons: His departure followed public reports of his alleged opposition to the war. [2, 3, 8]AI responses may include mistakes.
[1] kyivindependent.com/what-the…
[2] nytimes.com/2025/09/18/world…
[3] interfax.com/newsroom/top-st…
[4] rferl.org/a/kozak-resigns-pu…
[5] nytimes.com/2025/08/10/world…
[6] youtube.com/watch?v=YzDNOQN5…
[7] russiapost.info/politics/sur…
[8] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitry…— Michael Novakhov (@mikenov) Nov 28, 2025
Noah Berger, HP Inc., Sajjad Hussain/Getty Images
- Companies like HP, IBM, and Amazon are replacing jobs with AI.
- HP plans to cut up to 6,000 jobs by 2028, citing AI-driven productivity measures.
- IBM and Amazon have both linked workforce reductions to increased use of AI.
Worries about AI one day replacing human workers have intensified in recent years — and as it turns out, that future has already arrived.
MIT just released a study that found that AI can already replace 11.7% of the US labor market. The study utilized a labor simulation tool called the Iceberg Index, which models 151 million US workers and measures how AI overlaps with skills in each occupation.
As AI starts to replace human workers, companies have been increasingly open about the role AI adoption is playing in recent layoffs. However, while some companies have directly cited AI as a reason for workforce reductions, others have vacillated with their messaging, leaving ambiguity around the exact reasoning and whether AI is directly replacing workers.
Even as some companies replace human workers with AI, they might end up hiring more people in other roles because of it. A World Economic Forum survey found that 41% of companies globally are expected to reduce their workforces over the next five years because of AI. Meanwhile, tech jobs in big data, fintech, and AI are expected to double by 2030, the WEF said.
Here’s a list of companies that are replacing — or signaling they may replace — humans with AI.
Uzbekistan’s economy remains robust, supported by strong domestic demand, high gold prices, and rising investment, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The assessment was released in an end-of-mission statement following an IMF staff visit to Tashkent from November 17 to 25, led by Yasser Abdih.
The IMF reported that real GDP grew by 7.6% year-on-year in the first nine months of 2025, driven by buoyant household consumption and increased investment. Despite sustained demand, inflation has moderated. Headline inflation fell to 7.8% in October, while core inflation eased to 6.6%. This slowdown, the IMF noted, reflects the diminishing impact of last year’s administrative energy price adjustments, a firmer exchange rate, and continued tight monetary policy.
Household lending grew rapidly, up 23% in September, though business lending rose more modestly. The external current account deficit narrowed significantly in the first half of 2025, bolstered by high global gold prices, a strong performance in non-gold exports, and steady remittance inflows. International reserves remain “ample,” covering roughly 12 months of projected imports.
The IMF forecasts GDP growth to exceed 7% in 2025, tapering to around 6% in 2026. Inflation is expected to gradually decline toward the Central Bank of Uzbekistan’s 5% target by the end of 2027. Overall, the economic outlook is “broadly positive,” with risks described as “largely balanced.”
However, the IMF cautioned that stronger-than-expected revenues, particularly from gold exports, could lead to excessive government spending. To avoid overheating the economy, it advised limiting new expenditures, curbing real exchange rate appreciation, and reducing exposure to gold price volatility. The Uzbek government has reaffirmed its commitment to keeping the fiscal deficit below 3% of GDP in both 2025 and 2026.
The mission urged authorities to broaden the tax base and raise the tax-to-GDP ratio. It welcomed the government’s planned medium-term revenue strategy and ongoing reforms to reduce the shadow economy and modernize the Tax Committee. Key recommendations include restricting new tax incentives, enhancing audit systems, and publishing annual tax expenditure reports to improve transparency.
On monetary policy, the IMF stressed the need to maintain a tight stance to drive inflation down. The Central Bank of Uzbekistan has held its policy rate at 14% since March. The IMF welcomed the country’s move toward greater exchange rate flexibility, introduced in April.
The Fund also called for acceleration of financial sector reforms, including phasing out directed and preferential lending programs. It urged the finalization of a comprehensive roadmap to implement the 2025 Financial Sector Assessment Program recommendations.
Structural reforms remain critical to sustaining long-term growth. The IMF emphasized the need to continue privatizing and restructuring major state-owned enterprises, improve governance, strengthen market competition, and prepare for World Trade Organization accession, targeted for March 2026.
The IMF concluded the mission by thanking Uzbek authorities for their cooperation, noting that the visit will not result in a formal Board discussion.
A year earlier, the IMF delivered similarly upbeat projections for Uzbekistan, citing 6.4% GDP growth in the first half of 2024, rising remittances, and solid reserves. However, it also warned of inflationary pressures from energy price reforms and underscored the need for continued structural reforms to shield the economy from external shocks.
